The nurse is aware that there will be times when enteral nutrition (EN) will not be feasible to use with a critically ill client. Which of the following are indications to use parenteral nutrition (PN)? Select all that apply
A) For 3 to 4 days preoperatively for clients expected to undergo major reconstructive surgery
B) On the 8th hospital day in a well-nourished client who has received nutrition
C) As soon as possible in malnourished clients
D) PN should be initiated only if the anticipated length of therapy is 4 days or more.
B, C
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When EN is not feasible or available, PN should be considered: only after 7 days of hospitalization in a previously well-nourished client who has not received any nutrition therapy, as soon as possible after admission in malnourished clients, for 5 to 7 days preoperatively in malnourished clients expected to undergo major upper gastrointestinal surgery, and PN should only be initiated if the anticipated length of PN therapy is 7 days or more.
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