Place the steps of biofilm formation in the correct order. _____
Surface (substratum) is preconditioned by environmental molecules. _____
Quorum sensing and the establishment of the extracellular matrix commences as microbes attach more stably. _____
Biofilm matures and some microorganisms escape to the planktonic state. _____
Microbes attach and detach from the preconditioned surface.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
1, 3, 4, 2
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Alan Cooper, Cécile Mourer Chauviré, Geoffrey Chambers, Arndt von Haeseler, Allan Wilson and Svante Pääbo investigated the evolutionary relationships among some extinct and living species of flightless birds. They concluded that kiwis are more closely related to African and Australian flightless birds than they are to the moas. What new hypothesis did they propose based on this conclusion?
A. That their data was incorrect and the sample from the museum was corrupted. B. That flightless birds only occurred once in New Zealand. C. That New Zealand was colonized twice by ancestors of flightless birds. D. That the South American species' ancestors flew to New Zealand before the flightless mutation occurred. E. That the North American flightless bird originated from an ancestor of the New Zealand species.
The extinction of the dinosaurs occurred rapidly as a result of a single cataclysmic event
a. True b. False
Which receptor transduces when it changes shape and its plasma membrane becomes more permeable to sodium or potassium ions?
A) pain receptor B) thermoreceptor C) mechanoreceptor D) chemoreceptor
Choose the letter of the best match from the following:A. Third trimester of pregnancyB. Second month of pregnancyC. First month of pregnancyD. Second trimester of pregnancyE. Third month of pregnancyMajor nerve tracts are formed.
What will be an ideal response?