A nurse believes that patient acuity is a poor measure of patient fragility. Consequently, he and another nurse construct an instrument that measures patient fragility
In what order should the various steps of scale testing, conceptual definition, scale construction, instrument validation, and qualitative exploration occur?
a. Scale testing, qualitative exploration, scale construction, conceptual definition, instrument validation
b. Conceptual definition, qualitative exploration, scale construction, scale testing, instrument validation
c. Scale construction, conceptual definition, instrument validation, scale testing, qualitative exploration
d. Instrument validation, qualitative exploration, scale construction, conceptual definition, scale testing
e. Qualitative exploration, scale testing, scale construction, conceptual definition, instrument validation
f. Conceptual definition, instrument validation, scale construction, scale testing, qualitative exploration
ANS: B
In classic test theory, the following process is used to construct a scale: conceptual definition, scale design, item review, preliminary item tryouts, field testing, item analyses, selection of items to retain, conduct validity studies, reliability estimations, compiling of norms. Other methods vary. However, the essential thing is to identify the concept and then proceed with design, either by quantitative or qualitative methods, following with construction, some form of testing for feasibility, and then reliability and validity determination.
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