The brain of a species is prewired or produce _____ to specific sensory stimuli selected by evolution to prompt associations between certain environmental events.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
innate releasing mechanisms or IRMs
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Research has demonstrated that 8- to 11-year-old children who overestimated their capabilities
a. had better school performance than did less-optimistic children b. had worse school performance than did less-optimistic children c. had generally the same school performance than did less-optimistic children d. had more interest in school performance than did less-optimistic children
When using the availability heuristic, people tend to judge the probability of an event based on:
A) the need to be right, which makes it hard to listen to the available information with an open mind. B) statistical consideration of the frequency with which the event occurs in everyday life. C) the burden of doubt people feel about their abilities to determine probability from available information. D) how easy it is to think of examples or instances.
Which statement about how children’s temperament and sex affect adjustment to parental divorce is true?
A) Easy children are more often targets of parental anger and also cope less effectively with adversity. B) In mother-custody families, girls are at greater risk than boys for serious adjustment problems. C) Coercive maternal behavior and defiance by sons are common in divorcing households. D) Girls often show demanding, attention-getting behavior, but boys generally do not.
Which of the following aspects of autonomy involves the capacity to make independent decisions and follow through with them?
A. behavioral autonomy B. psychosocial autonomy C. emotional autonomy D. cognitive autonomy