Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Ethnocentrism is present in all cultures; it is universal.
b. One benefit of ethnocentrism is that it enhances group solidarity.
c. Ethnocentrism is a natural by-product of being raised in a society.
d. Ethnocentrism is worse in urban societies than in rural ones.
e. Although it is not possible to eliminate ethnocentrism, it can be reduced.
ANS: D
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Fossils are
a. rare. b. particularly informative about human biological evolution. c. common. d. both A and B.
What specialized research method could Murray—as an anthropologist—bring to the Haiti reforestation evaluation?
A) participant observation B) translation C) interviews D) focal groups
Radiometric dating techniques available to anthropologists
A. work only for nonhuman primates, because genus Homo had culture. B. have caused a re-evaluation of the fossil record since their 1991 development. C. can only be used to date inorganic materials that are more than 1 million years old. D. do not work well for hominin fossils, because such fossils are too young for the effective range of the techniques. E. establish a probable date for fossils by calculating radioactive decay in the specimen found or the rocks surrounding it.
The theory that maintains that although some changes in the earth's surface are immediately observable and caused by erosion and other natural processes, other changes are caused by gradual processes over extremely long periods of time is called:
a. natural selection b. catastrophism c. linearism d. uniformitarianism