A patient is admitted to the critical care unit after sustaining a head injury. Based on the injury, it is determined that there is a decrease in ADH. Which of the patient's symptoms would alert the medical team to a possible decrease in ADH?
a. Rapidly escalating hypertension c. Pulmonary edema
b. Massive diuresis d. Hyperkalemia
B
A low sodium level is associated with a low serum osmolality (hypo-osmolar state). When sodium levels rise, plasma osmolality increases (hyperosmolar state). Antidiuretic hormone is then released to stimulate water resorption at the nephron to maintain sodium balance. This process decreases water loss from the body and subsequently concentrates and reduces urine volume. Fluid conserved in this manner is returned to the circulating plasma, where it dilutes the concentration (osmolality) of plasma.
You might also like to view...
A pediatric nurse is well aware of the many physiological variables that influence safe pharmacotherapy in patients younger than 18 . Which of the following principles should the nurse integrate into care?
A) The physiology of patients older than 15 can be considered to be the same as an adult patient. B) The younger the patient, the greater the variation in medication action compared to an adult. C) The larger the patient's body mass index, the more his or her physiology varies from that of an adult. D) Pediatric patients have a greater potential to benefit from pharmacotherapy than adult patients.
A nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia. The physician has prescribed olanzapine in a disintegrating tablet form for the client. Which of the following points should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client?
A) Remove the tablet with dry hands. B) Take the tablet with a full glass of water. C) Add extra salt to food. D) Avoid tea or coffee.
A nurse realizes that wars impact the nursing profession. Which statement best describes the impact of wars on the evolution of nursing?
a. Nursing care advanced during and after major wars. b. Poor conditions during wars caused a decline in nursing care. c. Wars have been the stimulus for most nursing advantages. d. Wars have had little effect on the evolution of nursing.
A patient in subacute care has an IV in her left arm. Where will you take her blood pressure?
A. In her leg B. In her right arm C. In her left arm D. In her left wrist