Phylogenetic trees are used to:
a. construct hypotheses about common ancestors.
b. construct hypotheses about how various species are related to each other.
c. test hypotheses about the relationships between various species.
d. All of the above.
D
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Consider the food chain of grass ? grasshopper ? mouse ? snake ? hawk. About how much of the chemical energy fixed by photosynthesis of the grass (100 percent) is available to the hawk?
A) 0.01% B) 0.1% C) 1% D) 10% E) 60%
Deep water waves move through water having a depth that is deeper than ____ the wavelength of the wave
a. b. c. d. e.
Which of the following correctly describes the fate of the embryonic germ layers?
A. The endoderm forms the gut, the ectoderm forms the epidermis and parts of the nervous system, and the mesoderm forms muscles and most internal organs. B. The endoderm forms the gut, the ectoderm forms the reproductive tract and endocrine system, and the mesoderm forms muscles and most internal organs. C. The endoderm forms the inner part of all internal organs, the mesoderm forms the middle parts, and the ectoderm forms the outer coverings. D. The layers are sequential structures that all disappear during development, with the endoderm appearing first and then is replaced by the mesoderm, which in turn is supplanted by the ectoderm. E. The endoderm is an embryonic structure that disappears early, whereas the ectoderm persists as the skin and the mesoderm as the internal organs.
In yeast chromosomes, centromeres
A) help distinguish one chromosome from another. B) are closely related in sequence. C) are only 10–15 bp long. D) contain satellite DNA.