Which of the following statements about gene families is false?
(a) Because gene duplication can occur when crossover events occur, genes are always duplicated onto homologous chromosomes.
(b) Not all duplicated genes will become functional members of gene families.
(c) Whole-genome duplication can contribute to the formation of gene families.
(d) Duplicated genes can diverge in both their regulatory regions and their coding regions.
(a) Regions of homology between nonhomologous chromosomes will cause gene duplications onto a different chromosome (as well as chromosome rearrangements).
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In the early 1900s, many people, particularly in the southern U.S., suffered from infections
with parasitic hookworms. Many of these hookworms feed on blood cells of the host and thus also consume iron that is found in red blood cells. A symptom of a heavy infection is a craving to eat dirt—particularly clay-like soils with a high iron content. Thus, for these people, iron is a __________.
a. tradeoff b. constraint c. part of the organism’s niche d. nonlimiting resource
Which of the following are released from the posterior pituitary?
a. aldosterone and cortisol b. insulin and glucagon c. oxytocin d. thyroxin and calcitonin e. ACTH and FSH
What is one cellular characteristic found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a. nucleus b. nucleoplasm c. chloroplast d. mitochondria e. plasma membrane
Which statement accurately characterizes an ethical consideration surrounding human genetics?
a. Nonrelatives are more likely than relatives to carry the same harmful alleles. b. Genetic discrimination is not yet possible, even with all the known effects of genetic information. c. In the current ethical climate, genetic privacy is not a significant concern. d. Consanguineous matings are prohibited by half of U.S. States due to increased risk autosomal recessive alleles. e. Most insurance companies have instituted policies against keeping genetic information on their policy holders.