Selena, a psychology researcher, conducts an experiment based on the learning perspective on human development. She beeps a horn whenever her pet dog tries to play with her son's toys, and this noise frightens the dog. She repeats this several times and notices that the dog starts showing fear whenever it sees the toys. This experiment demonstrates the concept of:
A. accommodation.
B. operant conditioning.
C. equilibration.
D. classical conditioning.
Answer: D
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Tyrone has serious mental health problems as a teenager. It could be that he was part of which one of the following groups during middle childhood?
a. Aggressive children b. Withdrawn children c. Aggressive-withdrawn children d. Aggressive-rejected children
Imitation is most closely related to the concept of a. positive reinforcement. b. life-cycle forces
c. selective optimization. d. observational learning.
Which of the following is NOT a contributor to the increase in sedentary lifestyles?
A) food advertisements B) home entertainment C) office jobs D) modern conveniences, such as cars
What is the main finding of Cooper's research on the role of families in adolescents' identity formation?
A. Identity formation is enhanced by individuality and connectedness. B. Identity formation is blocked by enmeshment and poor communication. C. Identity formation is halted by individuality and controlling parents. D. Identity formation is enhanced by diffuse family boundaries and good social skills.