_____ removes the effects of an aversive stimulus, whereas _____ removes the possibility of an aversive stimulus from occurring in the first place

a. Partial reinforcement; punishment
b. Positive reinforcement; positive punishment
c. Negative reinforcement; negative punishment
d. Escape learning; avoidance learning


Answer: D

Rationale: Covering your ears upon hearing overwhelmingly loud music is one example; an example would be taking a detour to avoid traffic congestion on a particular road.

Psychology

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