Which data collected by the nurse caring for a patient who has cardiogenic shock indicate that the patient may be developing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
a. The patient's serum creatinine level is elevated.
b. The patient complains of intermittent chest pressure.
c. The patient's extremities are cool and pulses are weak.
d. The patient has bilateral crackles throughout lung fields.
ANS: A
The elevated serum creatinine level indicates that the patient has renal failure as well as heart failure. The crackles, chest pressure, and cool extremities are all consistent with the patient's diagnosis of cardiogenic shock.
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