The most common mechanism for sympatric speciation in plants is
A. punctuated equilibrium.
B. geographic isolation.
C. disruptive selection.
D. spontaneous mutation.
E. polyploidy.
Answer: E
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Brown fat is a specialized tissue found in infants and hibernating mammals. Brown fat mitochondria have proton channels located in their inner membranes. What does this mean for the organism?
A. ATP production would be reduced because these organisms do not need as much energy. B. Channels would contribute to the formation of the proton electrochemical gradient. C. The potential energy of the proton electrochemical gradient would be released as heat. D. There would be no effect.
The anatomical structure shown in the accompanying figure is of ____
a. venous valves b. pulmonary veins c. the inferior valve d. the right myocardial sac e. the heart apex
Describe the benefits of transpiration to plants. What will be an ideal response?
In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthase from the thylakoid space to the stroma. Therefore, the catalytic "knobs" of ATP synthase would be located
A) on the side facing the thylakoid space. B) on the ATP molecules themselves. C) on the pigment molecules of photosystem I and photosystem II. D) on the stromal side of the membrane. E) built into the center of the thylakoid stack (granum).