Autonomic dysreflexia is characterized by which one of the following?
A. Abrupt decrease in blood pressure because of sympathetic vasoconstriction
B. Abrupt increase in blood pressure and pounding headache
C. Profuse sweating below the level of the lesion
D. Excessive activation of the parasympathetic nervous system
E. Excessive shivering associated with hyperthermia
ANS: B
Rationale: Autonomic dysreflexia occurs when a complete spinal cord lesions above the T6 level prevents most of the spinal cord from receiving signals from the brain that inhibit sympathetic activity. Autonomic dysreflexia is an excessive sympathetic response, usually to stretch of the bladder or bowel, characterized by an abrupt increase in blood pressure, a pounding headache. In addition, flushing of the skin and profuse sweating occur above the level of the lesion. The sudden spike in blood pressure may be life threatening.
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