How does rage different from a tantrum? Describe the phases in a rage event and what the student is likely to be doing at each one. Make one recommendation for teachers to follow at each level in the series.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Rage is not goal-directed; it is a release of pent-up emotion and pressure. Tantrums are goal oriented and are intended to accomplish something specific.
Stages:
a) Triggering: something initiates neurochemical changes in the brain that put student in fight/flight/freeze mode. Student is likely to appear upset or angry and may raise voice/use rude language. Teacher should stay calm, use nonthreatening body language and empathetic verbal support, among others.
b) Escalation: angry behavior intensifies. Student may get louder, show physical signs of tension, talk more quickly, and be easily startled. Teachers should remain calm, use short and direct instructions, ensure safety of all, encourage student to use safe space.
c) Rage (meltdown): student is fully caught up in anger. Student may add physical manifestations to the verbal ones. Teacher should not try to talk the student out of the behavior. Do not give instructions to the student. Help others in the area process what is happening. Continue to ensure safety; do not restrain the student unless there is an immediate physical threat.
d) Post-Rage (post-meltdown): Student is likely to be tired, headachy, confused, embarrassed. May not remember the event at all. Teacher should reassure student that they are okay, process the event appropriately, and make a plan for future events. Note triggers; take care of self.