Which of the following statements is the most suitable for establishing goals when teaching an older adult with a chronic illness about potential changes in the health maintenance regimen?
a. Management of the patient's chronic dis-ease rests on the patient and the caregiver; therefore the goals should be collabora-tively set.
b. The patient will be able to make needed changes in his or her life if the nurse pro-vides accurate, written instructions.
c. Psychological functioning is usually im-paired only to a small extent in a patient with a chronic illness.
d. The patient's values, culture, and beliefs will have little to do with the types of changes he or she will be able to make.
A
The patient must remain involved in the decision making; the patient and the caregiver may have different priorities. Instructions, by themselves, are not sufficient. Psychological functioning may be more impaired than physical functioning. The patient's values, cultures, and beliefs profoundly shape the patient's response to chronic illness and to therapeutic interventions.
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