Describe the stimuli that produce osmometric thirst, and cite evidence indicating the location of osmoreceptors in the brain.
What will be an ideal response?
Cells must maintain a constant volume within the cell. Changes in solute concentration outside the cell will produce movements of water through the cell membrane. A decrease in solutes outside the cell will result in water moving into the cell, whereas an increase in solutes will draw water from the cell and lead to cell shrinkage. The latter will reverse if water is lost through evaporation or if the organism consumes a salty meal. Osmoreceptors are located in the brain; injection of hypertonic saline into the tissue just anterior to the third ventricle (AV3V) will induce drinking.
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Which of the following types of automata are NOT described in the book??
a. A defecating duck? b. ?A life-sized animated flute player c. ?A “Lady-Musician” that played the harpsichord d. ?A 16-inch mechanical monk e. ?A singing mouse
Which factor spawned renewed interest and research into brain-behavior relationships?
a. The development of the humanism movement b. The return to scientific based approaches to psychopathology c. The success of psychopharmacology d. The rise of technology-assisted therapy
The belief that a particular mental illness develops slowly, over time is consistent with the concept of
a. development b. adaptation c. trajectory d. process
Before calculating a Pearson correlation coefficient, it is advisable to plot the data because
a. one must be sure that the underlying relationship between the two variables is linear. b. the diagram is more informative than the correlation coefficient regarding causality. c. one must make sure that the data are from a truncated range. d. the correlation coefficient cannot show the direction of the relationship.