From the list below, identify causes of delayed or dysfunctional wound healing. Select all that apply
1. Predisposing chronic condition, such as diabetes
2. Hypoxemia
3. Hypervolemia
4. Overweight or obesity
5. Prolonged infection
6. Corticosteroid therapy
1, 2, 5, 6
Rationale:
1. Conditions such as diabetes affect circulating blood volume, and are known to affect healing.
2. Hypoxemia makes tissues susceptible to infection due to insufficient oxygenation.
3. Hypovolemia, not hypervolemia, would inhibit inflammation due to low circulating blood volume.
4. Overweight and obesity themselves might not affect wound healing. However, poor nutrition without proper protein and calorie intake will affect healing.
5. Prolonged infection can affect healing and cause excessive scarring.
6. Corticosteroid therapy or other immunocompromising therapy will prevent macrophages from migrating to the site of injury, and suppress epithelialization.
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