Frustrated research participants are sometimes given an opportunity to administer an electric shock to another person. Experimenters conducting this research generally find that
A. contrary to prediction, participants do not experience a change in their arousal levels following the administration of the shocks.
B. participants experience an increase in arousal following the administration of the shocks.
C. participants experience a decrease in arousal following the administration of the shocks.
D. participants experience a rapid increase followed by a rapid decrease in arousal following the administration of the shocks.
C
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When stores have only a few items out on display—as opposed to piles of items—the merchandise appears to be more valuable. This is probably due to the ____ principle
a. reciprocity b. consistency c. commitment d. scarcity
Randy stopped putting money into a candy machine because he stopped getting candy out. After a couple months Randy put money into the candy machine again, but when no candy came out, he stopped putting money in. Randy's behavior of putting money into the candy machine after a couple months is an example of:
a. punishment b. spontaneous recovery c. delayed extinction d. reinforcement
Which of the following is an important criticism of behaviorism?
A) It overemphasizes genetic influences. B) It underestimates children's contributions to their own development. C) It cannot be effectively applied to toddlers or preschool children. D) It only works in controlled settings, not in children's everyday lives.
John dreams that his newborn son will grow up to become a star football player. He believes that the first step to achieving this dream is to have his son reach his motor development milestones earlier than expected. Which of the following strategies may lead his son to experience slightly earlier development of certain motor skills?
A. Insisting that his son be carried in a tight swaddle rather than a typical stroller for the first six months of his life B. Repeatedly practicing key milestones such as sitting and standing with his son in the month before these skills typically develop. C. Repeatedly practicing key milestones such as sitting and standing with his son starting the first week he is born D. Giving him only toys that are considered masculine during the first six months of his life