A patient has been diagnosed with a malignancy of the oral cavity and is undergoing oncologic treatment
The oncologic nurse is aware that the prognosis for recovery from head and neck cancers is often poor because of what characteristic of these malignancies?
A) Radiation therapy often results in secondary brain tumors.
B) Surgical complications are exceedingly common.
C) Diagnosis rarely occurs until the cancer is endstage.
D) Metastases are common and respond poorly to treatment.
Ans: D
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Deaths from malignancies of the head and neck are primarily attributable to local-regional metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes in the neck. This often occurs by way of the lymphatics before the primary lesion has been treated. This local-regional metastasis is not amenable to surgical resection and responds poorly to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This high mortality rate is not related to surgical complications, late diagnosis, or the development of brain tumors.
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