The middle of the 20th century was an important period in the establishment of social psychology as a field. Name two general themes in the topics studied by researchers of that era, and give examples of each
What will be an ideal response?
Because of the events of World War II (and in particular, Nazi Germany), one general
theme in research of that era was an investigation of social influence. For example,
Asch and Sherif conducted studies with the aim of understanding the conditions under
which people conform with majority behavior, and Milgram studied destructive
obedience to authority figures. Another theme concerned social perception, with a
particular focus on stereotyping and prejudice. For example, Gordon Allport published
The Nature of Prejudice in 1954 . Festinger showed how attitudes could be influenced
by one's own behavior. To the extent that prejudice is an attitude, inducing behavioral
change could result in alteration of the prejudiced attitude.
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The Nazi tyranny in Europe in the 1930s resulted in
a. the murder of Sigmund Freud, who was Jewish. b. many European psychiatrists and psychologists moving to the U. S. c. heightened interest in psychoanalysis in the U. S. d. more than one of the above
In a heroin user, negative reinforcement of drug-taking behavior can occur when
A. the user overdoses and almost dies. B. the person is trying the drug for the first time. C. withdrawal symptoms are alleviated by another injection. D. the user sees a needle or syringe.
Lithium carbonate is most effective in the treatment of
a. the bipolar disorders. b. obsessive-compulsive disorder. c. schizophrenia. d. phobias. e. Antisocial Personality Disorder.
Compared to boys, girls hear twice as many ____________ by the time they are 32 months old
a. diminuitives c. motherese. b. direct " no" responses. d. child-directed speech.