Which of the following statements is true regarding phobia?
A. The anxiety associated with phobia is out of proportion to the actual danger or threat in the situation
B. Diagnosis is based on the presence of symptoms for at least a 6-month duration
C. Persons with phobias have apprehension of a future attack, which is referred to as anticipatory anxiety
D. A and B
ANS: D
The anxiety involved in phobia must be out of proportion to the actual danger or threat in the situation, after taking cultural contextual factors into account. Diagnosis is based on the presence of symptoms for at least a 6-month duration, regardless of age, to minimize overdiagnosis of transient fears. Panic attacks are discrete episodes of intense anxiety that peak within 10 minutes and are associated with autonomic arousal. After an initial panic attack, apprehension of a future attack often occurs and is referred to as anticipatory anxiety.
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