Summarize the changes in vision that can take place as people age. Which eye diseases can occur with increasing age?
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
- Starting around age 40, visual acuity begins to decline. This is due primarily to changes in the properties of the eye's lens.
- Presbyopia refers to the near-universal experience of loss of near vision that occurs in midlife.
- Glaucoma is a disease characterized by increased pressure in the fluid of the eye. Glaucoma can be successfully treated if detected early; if not blindness is a possibility.
- In later adulthood, cataracts can be problematic. This clouding of the lens can often be treated successfully.
- Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) leads to deteriorating eyesight, but fortunately, it too can be successfully treated with early detection.
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Sexual thoughts and sexuality play an important part in Freud's theorizing about each of the following except one. Which one?
A. Stages of personality development B. Dream symbols C. Instincts D. Hypnosis
Psychoactive substances that can lead to drug dependence include
A) alcohol. B) nicotine. C) opiates. D) All of the above.
As people encounter important milestones on the path through life, these milestones may bring about stress
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Fred gives his dog a treat each time the dog looks to the left. After a while, Fred only gives a treat when the dog takes a step to the left. Finally, Fred gives a treat only when the dog turns completely around. This situation is an example of
a) shaping. b) extinction. c) classical conditioning. d) negative reinforcement.