Several studies have examined whether certain Big Five traits apply universally across cultures. As it stands, which trait does NOT appear to be truly universal?
a. extraversion
b. agreeableness
c. openness
d. conscientiousness
c. openness
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What evidence do we have that children move from being passive mechanical reactors to the world to active, purposeful seekers and organizers of information?
a. Intentional action replaces "capture". b. Systematic searches replace unsystematic searches. c. Attention becomes selective. d. All represent ways children become more active in perceptual development.
Lincoln wants to learn more about issues related to underage drinking on campus, and arranges for a series of meetings in which the topic will be discussed. Specific categories of individuals (e.g., underage vs. of-age, living on vs. off campus, etc.) are invited to the meetings, which are recorded while the individuals discuss questions related to underage drinking. The recordings are later
analyzed by trained raters. Lincoln's approach is best described as a(n) ____. a. focus group b. direct observation c. unstructured interview d. case study
Standardizing procedures, standardizing treatment settings, and limiting individual differences all have the effect of ____
a. reducing variance between treatments b. increasing variance within treatments c. increasing variance between treatments d. reducing variance within treatments
The presence of other people is likely to increase helping in emergency situations when
A) the situation is ambiguous. B) the people who are present act alarmed. C) diffusion of responsibility occurs. D) pluralistic ignorance occurs.