When should a nurse researcher include an extraneous variable as part of a study's design?
a. When excluding the variable would limit the study's generalizability
b. When the variable is an important consideration for the study's outcome
c. When the researcher is limited by time or monetary constraints
d. When it would not make a difference in the overall study outcome
ANS: B
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A Excluding extraneous variables frequently limits a study's generalizability to a larger population. This is often necessary in order to have meaningful, unambiguous study outcomes.
B If the researcher believes that an extraneous variable is important to the outcome, it should be included in the design.
C Time and financial demands should not solely influence the inclusion of extraneous variables in a study's design.
D Extraneous or mediating variables are a concern only if they may influence the outcome of a study. If a variable has no relationship to the study's outcome, it would be superfluous to include it in the study design.
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