The environmental movement in the United States seeks to protect forests and other pristine lands. To most Americans, respecting natural lands and animals probably is consistent with their ethical system. In some other countries, laws protecting the lands do not exist. Farmers and ranchers routinely "slash and burn" in order to farm or raise livestock, and loggers harvest trees indiscriminately. There is no ethical dilemma, since their society accepts these practices as normal and necessary. In America, state, federal, and local governments have enacted laws to protect forests from destruction. Through these laws, the overall community is protected, even though individuals may be negatively affected. By meeting the needs of the overall community, these laws exhibit:
A. principle of forfeiture.
B. principle of the golden mean.
C. hypothetical imperative.
D. utilitarianism.
Answer: D
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If a psychological disorder results in an individual having difficulty completing routine or necessary everyday activities, the individual's behavior would MOST likely be considered
a. personally distressing. b. incompetent. c. maladaptive. d. deviant.
According to the family lifecycle approach, the initial stage of the family cycle involves a
a. preschool boy and girl being socialized into the role of a father or mother. b. dating couple. c. married couple without children. d. married couple that have just had their first child (the childbearing family).
Regarding incentives, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Our actions are energized by a mixture of internal needs and external incentives. b. Incentive value cannot be used to explain the drives for success, status, and approval. c. Some goals are so desirable that they can motivate behavior in the absence of an internal need. d. Some goals are so low in incentive value that they may be rejected even if they could meet the internal need.
Sensors are taped to patients' hands and foreheads with the patients learning to redirect blood flow away from the head to their extremities in a biofeedback technique that has been shown to
a. alleviate insomnia. b. reduce the frequency of migraine headaches. c. reduce hyperactivity in children. d. lower blood pressure and control one's heart rhythm.