At an office birthday party one of the executives eats a piece of cake that he was unaware had been made with peanut oil. He begins wheezing, with an inspiratory stridor and air hunger. The occupational health nurse is called to the office
The nurse says he is suffering from which type of hypersensitivity?
A) Anaphylactic (Type 1)
B) Cytotoxic (Type II)
C) Immune complex (Type III)
D) Delayed type (Type IV)
Ans: A
Feedback: The most severe form of a hypersensitivity reaction is anaphylaxis. An unanticipated severe allergic reaction that is often explosive in onset, anaphylaxis is characterized by edema in many tissues, including the larynx, and is often accompanied by hypotension, bronchospasm, and cardiovascular collapse in severe cases. Type II, or cytotoxic, hypersensitivity occurs when the system mistakenly identifies a normal constituent of the body as foreign. Immune complex (Type III) or immune complex, hypersensitivity involves immune complexes formed when antigens bind to antibodies. Type III is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, certain types of nephritis, and bacterial endocarditis. Delayed Type IV, also known as cellular hypersensitivity, occurs 24 to 72 hours after exposure to an allergen.
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