______ is the least likely characteristic of punishment to be enhanced in modern criminal justice policy.

a. Severity
b. Swiftness
c. Certainty
d. Reciprocity


c. Certainty

Criminal Justice

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A system of royal courts that had a primary interest in settling disputes of landholders was established in England by

a. King Hammurabi. b. Napoleon. c. The Romans. d. William the Conqueror

Criminal Justice

The legal definition of "intoxicated" in the public intoxication statute is the same definition used in the driving while intoxicated statute

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

What term describes the ability to influence or control others?

a. power b. influence c. coercion d. ordering

Criminal Justice

In the stolen appliance study conducted in Charlotte-Mecklenburg, the police found that only 10% of the appliances stolen did not need to be installed before the sale

a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice