What is politicization?As a new president, under what circumstances would you try to politicize and how would you do so? Use examples where relevant to support your statements
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should:
a. Define politicization as a strategy used by presidents to exert control over the bureaucracy by appointing loyalists to key positions.
b. Demonstrate what politicization looks like, using the examples of James Watt and Gale Norton, political appointees who were more invested in protecting the interests of the president than those of the agency, explaining why this was in the president's interest.
c. Discuss how politicization does not always impede bureaucratic decision making but on occasion can accelerate it, using the example of Steven Chu, Obama's Energy Secretary.
d.Notethat politicization can be about firing as well as appointing individuals,for example, in the Paul O'Neil case.
e. Explain how presidents have numerous opportunities to politicize the bureaucracy by appointing political loyalists to key positions in PAS, SES, and Schedule A, B, and C posts.
f. Propose that a new president would set to work on politicizing the bureaucracy immediately on entering office and that where he or she decided to politicizewould be highly dependent on the context of the agency, including how much an agency supports the president and the tradeoff that exists between responsiveness and competence, using the appointment of ambassadors as an example.
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What has been the response of the international community to emerging global environmental problems?
a. The international community at the UN has agreed to act militarily to end largescale environmental threats. b. The international community has completely ignored the problem. c. Its only action is to condemn Brazil for cutting rain forests. d. (C) The record is extremely uneven; sometimes the international community takes meaningful action, and other times it does not.
Explain why lobbyists spend so much time simply keeping in touch with government officials.
What will be an ideal response?
The incentives for providing public goods tend to be few. Why is this?
What will be an ideal response?
Which of the following questions would be appropriate to ask of a funding source?
A) What types of research are funded? B) If I am funded, can I negotiate with the agency to get more funding? C) Can I get more funding if I do a different type of research? D) Does your agency have knowledgeable reviewers?