Name and define the four types of validity discussed in this chapter and describe their importance to research.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: The four types of validity discussed are: internal, external, construct, and statistical conclusion validity. Internal validity refers to the researcher’s ability infer that a causal relationship exists between two variables. External validity refers to the degree to which a study’s results can be generalized to and across populations of people, settings, times, outcomes, and treatment variations. Construct validity is the extent to which a construct is accurately measured in a study. Statistical conclusion validity is the ability to infer that the independent and dependent variables are related in the population of interest and that the strength of the relationship observed in the study is similar to that of the population. These four types of validity together help the researcher establish the validity of the research study. Without evidence of these four types of validity, the overall study would not be valid.
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a. 10 b. 12 c. 14 d. 16
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An Individualized Education Program (IEP) must include which of the following components?
A. The present levels of academic achievement and functional performance B. A record of past student performance C. A description of the student's intellectual functioning D. Suggestions for parental involvement