An HIV-infected patient presents at the clinic for a CD4+ count. The results of the test are 45 cells/?L. You know the patient is at increased risk for mycobacterium avium complex (MAC disease)
As the nurse caring for this patient, you would know that the preferred prophylactic agent for MAC disease is what?
A) Zithromax
B) Vancomycin
C) Levaquin
D) Amphyterracin B
Ans: A
Feedback: HIV-infected adults and adolescents should receive chemoprophylaxis against disseminated mycobacterium avium complex (MAC disease) if they have a CD4+ count less than 50 cells/?L. Azithromycin (Zithromax) or clarithromycin (Biaxin) are the preferred prophylactic agents. Vancomycin, Levaquin and amphyterracin B are not prophylactic agents for MAC disease.
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A 60-year-old male client with an acute viral infection is receiving interferon therapy. The physician is teaching the family of the client about the diverse actions of the treatment and the ways that it differs from other anti-infective therapies. Which of the following teaching points listed below should the physician least likely include?
A) "Interferon can help your father's unaffected cells adjacent to his infected cells produce antiviral proteins that can stop the spread of the infection." B) "Interferon can help limit the replication of the virus that's affecting your father." C) "Interferon helps your father's body recognize infected cells more quickly." D) "Interferon can bolster your father's immune system through the stimulation of natural killer cells that attack viruses."
The nurse is caring for a client who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive with a diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Confirmation the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in the client is made by which of these signs?
a. recent onset of neurological abnormality b. presence of CD4 T cells c. presence of white patches on tongue or oral mucosa d. evidence of elevated protein level in cerebrospinal fluid
A nurse is caring for three patients whose care involves complex situations and multiple responsibilities. What is the key to resolving problems for this nurse?
A) Diagnostic reasoning B) Physical assessment C) Critical thinking D) Nursing care plan
Oxygen and carbon dioxide move between the alveoli and the blood by
A) Osmosis B) Hyperosmolar pressure C) Diffusion D) Negative pressure