Discuss Viennese and Hungarian military and political upheavals in the 1680s and 1690s.
What will be an ideal response?
Answers will vary. In 1683, the Turkish military, under the leadership of the Ottoman grand vizier, Kara Mustafa laid siege to Vienna for two months until it was defeated by a unified force with the support of the Pope. Various factionalism had made Hungarian unification difficult, but the devastation of the Hungarian countryside, combined with the peace in the rest of Europe in the 1680s allowed Leopold to concentrate on purging Hungary of the Ottomans. At Zenta, 30,000 Turks were slaughtered; In 1699, the Treaty of Carlowitz confirmed the Habsburg conquests. The Ottomans had lost Hungary.
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