Your patient asks you about the small, reddish purple discolorations of the skin, less than 0.5 cm in diameter. You inform the patient that this is known as which of the following?
a. ecchymoses c. purpura
b. petechiae d. spider telangiectasia
B
Petechiae are violaceous (red-purple) discolorations of less than 0.5 cm in diameter. Petechiae do not blanch. They can indicate an increased bleeding tendency or embolism; causes include intravascular defects and infections. Ecchymosis is a violaceous discoloration of varying size, also called a black-and-blue mark. It is caused by extravasation of blood into the skin as a result of trauma; heparin or Coumadin use; or liver dysfunction. Purpura is a condition characterized by the presence of confluent petechiae or confluent ecchymosis over any part of the body. Purpura is caused by hemorrhage into the skin and can be the result of decreased platelet formation. Spider angiomas, a type of telangiectasia, are bright red and star-shaped. Most often these lesions are found on the face, neck, and chest. There is often a central pulsation noted with pressure, and this results in blanching in the extensions.
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Which instructions should the nurse include as part of client education for the prevention of low back pain?
A. Participate in a regular exercise program. B. Purchase a soft mattress for sleeping comfort. C. Wear high-heeled shoes only for special occasions. D. Keep your weight within 20% of your ideal body weight.
One value associated with the functional health pattern of activity and exercise is
A) Survival B) Personal health C) Self-preservation D) Sensory pleasure
The first nurse to establish an independent nurse practice was
a. Margaret Sanger b. Mary Breckinridge c. Lillian Wald d. M. Lucille Kinlein
A patient who is a war veteran states, "It should have been me that died. I'll never forgive myself for leaving my buddy when he needed me." The nurse recognizes this statement is most associated with which diagnosis?
a. Bipolar depression b. Generalized anxiety c. Obsessive-compulsive disorder d. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)