The nurse, assessing pain in a client receiving hospice care, uses the ABCDE model to guide pain management. Which of the following is a part of this pain management approach? (Select all that apply.)
1. Ask about the pain regularly.
2. Believe the patient and family in their reports of pain.
3. Confront the patient if you believe pain control was not achieved.
4. Deliver interventions only when requested.
5. Enable the patient to control her course of pain management to the greatest extent possible.
6. Utilize complementary alternative medicine approaches first.
1, 2, 5
The "ABCDE" model is a guide to pain management. For A, the nurse should regularly ask about pain. For B, the nurse should believe the patient and family in their reports of pain and what relieves it. For C, the nurse should choose pain control options that are appropriate for the patient. The nurse should not confront the patient about pain control since this is not therapeutic. For D, interventions should be delivered in a timely, logical, and coordinated manner and not only when requested. For E, patients and families should be empowered. Complementary alternative medicine approaches should not be used first.
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