Which of the following illustrates bias in clinical judgment?
a. Women and men endorse different combinations of depressive symptoms.
b. A higher percentage of women than men are diagnosed with major depression.
c. A higher percentage of women than men are diagnosed with major depression even when both exhibit precisely the same symptoms.
d. more than one of the above
C
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As you look at a series of still pictures presented at about 24 frames per second, you perceive motion. Which of the following allows you to fill in between the images?
A. motion parallax B. real motion C. closure D. retinal disparity
Children or young adults who experience sexual victimization are
a. no more likely to experience sexual dysfunction as adults than anyone else. b. more likely to experience sexual dysfunction as adults if they are females. c. more likely to experience sexual dysfunction as adults if they are males. d. more likely to experience sexual dysfunction as adults.
The textbook presents an anecdote dealing with the Wolof people of Senegal. The incident that is described involves the apparent suicide of a woman and the emotional response of the onlookers. The point that the anecdote makes is that
a. there are cultural norms for the expression of emotion. b. people throughout the world recognize the same basic emotions. c. the range of emotional expression is genetically inherited. d. cultures express all emotions in the same way.
The integration of both positive and negative reinforcement in explaining why the "crash" that follows the initial euphoria of drug use is not a deterrent to further drug use is called
A. the opponent-process theory. B. amotivational syndrome. C. substance-induced myopia. D. an expectancy effect.