According to Akers, ______, also defined as rewards and punishments, determine whether any behavior is repeated.

a. social reinforcement
b. punishment
c. definition
d. educational


a. social reinforcement

Criminal Justice

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Which population is increasing in prisons and jails at an exponential rate?

a. the elderly b. the physically ill c. the mentally ill d. the homeless

Criminal Justice

How are gangs present in schools? Why are schools a good venue for gang prevention programs?

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

A person accepts society's cultural goals and decides to continue working in his current job to achieve the goals. According to Merton's strain theory, the person's response to the strain falls under the category of ________.

A. retreatism B. innovation C. ritualism D. conformity

Criminal Justice

Identify the four methods of adapting to being in prison.

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice