Compare early human perspectives on death and the afterlife. Include preliterate societies, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. How do these civilizations demonstrate the importance of death?
What will be an ideal response?
Students should be able to discuss the different perspectives on the afterlife in prehistorical societies, such as burial chamber findings, and contrast these with the organized religious perspective of Egypt and Mesopotamia. In Egypt, access to the afterlife was limited, in the Old Kingdom, to the pharaohs and their immediate family; thus, access was an indication of status. Their burial in huge pyramids was also a marker of social importance. The transition or democratization of access to the afterlife in Egypt is noted in the Middle Kingdom. In Mesopotamia, the afterlife was unpleasant for all; they believed that burial goods were stolen by demons on the journey to the underworld, and the dead spent eternity eating dust and weeping.
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