A client has severe manifestations of an autosomal dominant disorder. The client's father is also affected by the disorder, but to a lesser degree. How would the nurse interpret this phenomenon?
1. The mother must have an unexpressed form of the disorder.
2. In this situation the child usually manifests the disorder at an older age than did the parent.
3. This situation is an example of genetic anticipation.
4. Environmental influences must have exacerbated the expression of the genetic tendency in the child.
3
Rationale 1: As the disorder is autosomal dominant, there is no indication that the mother has the disorder at all.
Rationale 2: In this situation the child usually manifests the disorder at an earlier age than did the parent.
Rationale 3: The phenomenon of anticipation occurs when the child expresses a more severe form of a genetic disorder at an earlier age than did the parent.
Rationale 4: Environment does influence the expression of some genes, but this is not the best explanation for this phenomenon.
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