In Ex parte Garland (1867), the Supreme Court held that a presidential pardon
a. fully restores any civil rights that were forfeited upon conviction of a crime.
b. may not be issued in cases of treason against the United States.
c. may apply to state as well as federal crimes.
d. may be issued only after the individual has begun to serve his sentence.
A
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The 1996 case of Hopwood v. Texas upheld affirmative action admissions to Texas state institutions of higher learning
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Scholars have a difficult time understanding international alliances due to their immense fluidity
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Congress established the national origins quota system in response to a growing belief that new immigrants
a. were imperative to the continued growth of the American economy. b. spurred the economy and helped create jobs. c. were genetically inferior to natural born citizens. d. instilled American values in their children and increased patriotism. e. did not share American values and were the cause of increased overcrowding and crime.
What rationale did the Supreme Court rely on in deciding that school segregationwas permissible?
a. Segregation in public facilities was not unconstitutional as long as the separate facilities were substantially equal. b. Segregation was important for maintaining social order, a prerequisite for racial equality. c. Jim Crow laws helped African Americans to achieve equality by building character through overcoming adversity. d. The equal protection clause applied only to the actions of the federal government, not to actions of private businesses and individuals.