Greta has just been shown two boxes—a plain, unmarked box full of raisins and a familiar marked raisin box that is empty. Next, Greta is asked to predict where another child will look for raisins. This task assesses Greta's understanding of
A) class inclusion.
B) conservation.
C) irreversibility.
D) false belief.
Answer: D
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Which of the following statements is true about primary reinforcers?
A) They acquire their value through association with established reinforcers. B) They are effective on the basis of their learning. C) They can also be called conditioned reinforcers. D) They are effective because of an organism's biological makeup.
An example of a psychosocial resource that has been consistently associated with good psychological and physical outcomes for patients with HIV infection is:
a. being low on openness to experience because these individuals are less likely to engage in risky behavior.. b. optimism, c. associating primarily with family, and limiting visits from co-workers. d. being an introvert.
Ginny finds out that her husband is having an affair. She becomes very depressed and tells her best friend, "I couldn't survive if he left me.". According to REBT, Ginny's depression is the result of
a. having lost meaningfulness in her life, and her need to make the courageous choice to finally divorce her husband. b. having developed learned helplessness through avoidance conditioning. c. her use of the defense mechanism of regression as a coping mechanism. d. her irrational belief that she should depend on others who are stronger than herself.
Cognitive __________, an important part of most cognitive techniques, requires the therapist to identify clients' automatic assumptions and irrational beliefs, then teach the client to identify these patterns on their own. After the unhealthy
thinking patterns are identified, they can then be replaced with realistic, positive, and optimistic thought processes. a. rewiring b. identifying c. adaptation d. restructuring