Explain how opportunity theories can inform approaches toward probation and parole. Would the insights from the theories in this chapter improve current probation practice? Why or why not?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Address opportunity reduction more directly. A first step is to conduct an opportunity risk assessment that systematically identifies, for past crimes, with whom, when, where, and why individuals commit their offenses. A case plan is then developed to supervise offenders in ways that give guidelines as to specific people, places, and activities to avoid and alternatively people, places, and activities to pursue. Because crime opportunities can arise unexpectedly, probationers and parolees should also be taught cognitive strategies on how to resist opportunities to offend. Others in the supervisees’ community--whether family member, place managers at bars, or local police officers--might also be recruited to encourage prosocial routines (e.g., watch movies at home in the evening) and avoid antisocial routines (e.g., denied access to a prohibited bar).