When setting up an experiment, researchers must define a variable in one of two ways. One can define variables in terms of:

a. message features and observed effects
b. message features and intended effects
c. observed effects and message length
d. observed effects and message valence


a. message features and observed effects

Communication & Mass Media

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One of the drawbacks mentioned in the textbook of using books as sources is ________

A) they are heavy to carry around B) the information is not usually as reliable as articles in journals C) because it takes a longer time to publish a book, the information in them may be dated D) the information is not as reliable as a website

Communication & Mass Media

Esteem is a need noted in the hierarchy of needs that must be satisfied before safety can be satisfied

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Communication & Mass Media

A __________ premise is a statement that makes a claim about a general group of people,

events, or conditions. Fill in the blanks with correct word

Communication & Mass Media

The preview statement is the first part of the introduction

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Communication & Mass Media