What causes the "leaf drop" that occurs in woody plants in preparation for winter dormancy?
A) Inhibition of gibberellin
B) Suppressed auxin production
C) Increased chlorophyll development
D) Opened stomata
E) Increased ethylene production
E
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True or False: Coral reefs and tropical rain forests have existed on Earth for hundreds of millions of years, but the taxonomic composition of both has varied enormously
A. true B. false
Which organism’s reproductive pattern exhibits semelparity?
a. grizzly bear b. oak tree c. red deer d. salmon e. maple tree
In words, why can utilizing an instrumental variable be an effective means toward identifying the causal effect of a treatment on an outcome?
A. It allows you to identify the causal effect of the treatment by using only variation in the treatment that isn't correlated with unobservables that affect the outcome. B. It allows you to identify the causal effect of the treatment by using only variation in the treatment that is correlated with unobservables that affect the outcome. C. It allows you to identify the causal effect of the treatment by controlling for unobservables that may crucially affect the outcome. D. None of the answers is correct.
At an underdominant locus, how will allele frequencies change through time?
a. The homozygote with the greatest fitness advantage will have its allele fixed. b. A balanced polymorphism of both alleles will be maintained at a stable equilibrium. c. The homozygote with the lowest fitness advantage will have its allele lost. d. One or the other allele will be lost depending on their initial frequencies. e. Both alleles will be lost.