All of the following were identified by Sanders (1994) as levels of commitment in gang members except for ______.

a. fringe
b. associate
c. hardcore
d. affiliate


b. associate

Criminal Justice

You might also like to view...

Which of the following is an example of a primary legal authority?

a. Legal Statutes/Case Law b. Reports Written by a Legal Scholar c. Commentary by a Legal Researcher d. Westlaw e. Research Performed by a Paralegal

Criminal Justice

The ________ division contains several units that are involved in collecting and analyzing intelligence.

A) homeland security ?B) tactics C) intelligence ?D) leads

Criminal Justice

Which discriminatory factor has been used most often by the courts to establish legal rules regarding voir dire?

A) Age B) Race C) Religion D) Sex

Criminal Justice

Police departments require specialized domestic violence training for officers:

a. During both in-service and recruit training. b. Once a month. c. Only if officers are interested in domestic violence. d. And training time varies between police departments.

Criminal Justice