A neonatal patient is found to have grunting on expiration. What physiologic effect does this produce?
a. Increased vital capacity
b. Increased PAO2
c. Decreased PaCO2
d. Closes the ductus arteriosus
B
An expiratory grunt is the sound generated when expired air is moving through a partially closed glottis. This partial closing of the glottis applies positive pressure against the alveoli. An increased PAO2 should result. Glottis closure will not increase vital capacity, decrease PaCO2, or close the ductus arteriosus.
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