How does the juvenile justice system differ from the adult system? What affects judges' decisions to transfer a juvenile to criminal court for prosecution?
What will be an ideal response?
Answers may vary.The juvenile justice system differs from the adult system in some crucial ways. First, not all juveniles come into the system via arrests. Some are referred by school officials, social service agencies, and even by parents. Second, there is an emphasis on rehabilitating youthful offenders, rather than simply punishing them. Finally, early in a case, juvenile justice officials must decide whether to send it into the court system or divert the offender to alternative programs such as drug treatment, educational and recreational programs, or individual and group counseling.If the choice is to involve the courts, then prosecutors may recommend, or juvenile court judges may decide, to transfer cases involving serious charges from juvenile court to criminal court. Sentencing procedures and options vary depending on whether the child is adjudicated in juvenile court or transferred to adult criminal court. Judges' beliefs about the deterrent effects of transfer-the possibility that juveniles will refrain from committing crimes because they fear being tried as adults-affect these decisions. More experienced judges see greater rehabilitative potential in juveniles and are less likely than inexperienced judges to transfer cases to criminal court.
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