Which of the following statements regarding infections involving biofilms is FALSE?
a. There is no way to prevent biofilms from developing on surfaces.
b. The majority of hospital-acquired infections (nosocomial infections) are related to biofilms.
c. Microbes in biofilms are more resistant to antimicrobials than are independent organisms.
d. It is estimated that nearly 70% of all infections are caused by biofilms.
Answer: a. There is no way to prevent biofilms from developing on surfaces.
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If a special fungicide killed all of the glomeromycetes in an environment, but did not affect other types of fungi, which of the following would most likely occur?
A. Plant nutrient uptake from the soil would be reduced. B. Overall decomposition rates would be dramatically reduced. C. Mushrooms would be absent from the environment. D. Lichens would be absent from the environment. E. Aquatic habitats would completely lack fungi.
In an existing population of plants and mycorrhizae, disease strikes and the mycorrhizae are killed. Which of the following would be impacted? Check all that apply.
_____ the water supply to the plant _____ the availability of mineral nutrients to the plant _____ the binding of the soil and erosion _____ the supply of organic food to the plant
What is the main energy source used by the cells?
a. Starch b. Glucose c. Amino acids d. Fatty acids e. Glycogen
When an antibody binds to a toxin, the resulting action is referred to as
A) agglutination. B) opsonization. C) ADCC. D) apoptosis. E) neutralization.