A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which client is at greatest risk for the development of carcinoma of the liver?
a. A 22-year-old with a history of blunt liver trauma
b. A 48-year-old with a history of diabetes mellitus
c. A 66-year-old who has a history of cirrhosis
d. An 82-year-old who has chronic malnutrition
ANS: C
The risk of contracting a primary carcinoma of the liver is higher in clients with cirrhosis from any cause. Blunt liver trauma, diabetes mellitus, and chronic malnutrition do not increase a person's risk for developing liver cancer.
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A nurse is caring for a patient experiencing respiratory distress. The physician places an endotracheal tube. The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient is:
a. ineffective coping. b. risk for infection. c. altered nutrition: less than body requirements. d. impaired verbal communication.
A physician prescribes the use of water-seal chest tube drainage for a client at a health care facility. What should the nurse ensure when using the water-seal chest tube drainage?
A) Filters need to be cleaned regularly to avoid unpleasant taste or smell. B) The chest tube should not be separated from the drainage system unless clamped. C) A nasal cannula should be used to administer oxygen when cleaning the opening. D) A secondary source of oxygen should be available in case of power failure.
How would a nurse differentiate a client diagnosed with a social phobia from a client diagnosed with a schizoid personality disorder (SPD)?
A. Clients diagnosed with social phobia can manage anxiety without medications, whereas clients diagnosed with SPD can manage anxiety only with medications. B. Clients diagnosed with SPD are distressed by the symptoms experienced in social settings, whereas clients diagnosed with social phobia are not. C. Clients diagnosed with social phobia avoid interactions only in social settings, whereas clients diagnosed with SPD avoid interactions in all areas of life. D. Clients diagnosed with SPD avoid interactions only in social settings, whereas clients diagnosed with social phobias tend to avoid interactions in all areas of life.
A patient who has been experiencing premenstrual syndrome (PMS) reports to the clinic with a diet diary she has kept over the past several weeks. For which entry should the nurse recommend making a dietary change?
A. Daily intake of white bread B. Daily intake of caffeine-free soda C. Daily intake of low-fat yogurt D. Daily intake of foods rich in magnesium