When trying to make a mammalian protein in a bacterium, expression vectors are often used. Using your knowledge of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genetics, explain why expression vectors are so important
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: One issue with transcription of the cloned gene(s) is the differences in RNA polymerases and their recognition (promoter) sequences. For example, strong eukaryotic promoters might not function inside a bacterial cell. Another problem is that origins of replication in vectors are not universal to hosts, meaning that plasmids that replicate in eukaryotes cannot necessarily replicate in E. coli. Most importantly, a fundamental difference in expressing eukaryotic genes in prokaryotes is that prokaryotes generally lack the machinery required to splice out introns.
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A healthy diet should include a variety of _____, which are plant-derived substances that may reduce the risk of disorders such as macular degeneration and heart disease
a. phytochemicals b. vitamins c. minerals d. all of the choices
What important structure uses lenticels to communicate with the atmosphere in mangroves?
a. Pneumatophores b. Aerenchyme c. Chromatophores d. Nutritive roots
Contemporary hypotheses concerned with the origin
of life focus on what two characteristics of living systems? a. energy conversion and biosynthesis b. self-replication and energy conversion c. plasma membranes and self-replication d. growth and development e. adaptation and responsiveness
What do wax and testosterone have in common?
A) They are both proteins. B) They are both steroids. C) They are both lipids. D) They are both hormones.