Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. There appears to be a single and unchanging view of the concept of natural law over time.
2. The concept of crime is considerably broader than the concept of deviance.
3. In some case, simply planning to commit a crime can be a criminal act.
4. Vicarious liability refers to conscious wrongdoing from which a prohibited result follows.
5. Supreme Court decisions are examples of case law.
1. False
2. False
3. True
4. False
5. True
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In the second half of the 20th century, class action lawsuits:
a. have decreased in their significance as a device to respond to white collar crime b. did not play a more significant role as a device to respond to white collar crime than before c. were permitted in certain cases and have become a significant device for responding to some white collar crimes d. were rarely permitted
According to the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, as of 2008,associate justices earned in excess of:
a. $500,000 b. $200,000 c. $300,000 d. $400,000
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. To help officers understand when the employment of different types of force may be reasonable, most departments provide officers with a “continuum of force.” 2. The Department of Justice has mandated that all law enforcement agencies employ the continuum of force model created by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 3. “Sir, would you mind stepping over here?” is an example of persuasive verbalization. 4. Tasers are standard equipment issued to all police officers. 5. When performing a threat assessment, one of the factors that should be considered is the subject’s size.
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. The Bill of Rights was adopted by Congress prior to the ratification of the Constitution. 2. In Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969), the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a state law prohibiting “criminal syndicalism.” 3. “Decisional law” is the body of law developed by appellate courts. 4. The presumption of innocence in a criminal case flows from the broader principle of strict liability.