In 1325, Egypt was ruled by Mamluks, whose origins were
a. slaves from Africa.
b. former military slaves.
c. Sufis.
d. former members of Egyptian royal families.
e. former griots.
b
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How did the results of the Peloponnesian War pave the way for Macedonia's domination of Greece?
A) Greek city-states began fighting among themselves. B) War became a major Greek industry. C) The myth of Spartan invincibility was dispelled. D) Some Greeks concluded they were incapable of self-government. E) Thebes eclipsed Athens as the preeminent city-state.
Which of the following is an example of how the southern defense of slavery hardened into cultural nationalism?
a) the banning of northern textbooks in southern public schools b) the rise in the number of southerners in northern universities c) southern intellectuals’ call to end sectional politics d) southern educators’ rejection of the idea of southern independence
The most characteristic intellectual movement of the Renaissance was
a. secularism. b. individualism. c. scholasticism. d. humanism. e. atheism.
The Second Industrial Revolution was characterized by all of the following except
A) increased speed of production. B) the use of mass-produced steel. C) replacement of petroleum-powered machines with the steam engine. D) the introduction of synthetic dyes and aluminum. E) electricity coming into wider use.